65A. Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record. The contents of electronic records may be proved in accordance with the provisions of section 65B. Read Indian Evidence Act in a beautiful, systematic way. Read Evidence Act each section wise. Download beautiful, colourful PDF for Evidence Act.KEEP READING
65B. Admissibility of electronic records. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, any information contained in an electronic record which is printed on a paper, stored, recorded or copied in optical or magnetic media produced by a computer (hereinafter referred to as the computer output) shall be deemed to beKEEP READING
66. Rules as to notice to produce. Secondary evidence of the contents of the documents referred to in Section 65, Clause (a), shall not be given unless the party proposing to give such secondary evidence has previously given to the party in whose possession or power the document is, orKEEP READING
67. Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced. If a document is alleged to be signed or to have been written wholly or in part by any person, the signature or the handwriting of so much of the document as is allegedKEEP READING
67A. Proof as to electronic signature. Except in the case of a secure electronic signature, if the electronic signature of any subscriber is alleged to have been affixed to an electronic record the fact that such electronic signature is the electronic signature of the subscriber must be proved. Read IndianKEEP READING
68. Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested. If a document is required by law to be attested it shall not be sued as evidence until one attesting witness at least has been called for the purpose of proving its execution if there be an attestingKEEP READING
69. Proof where no attesting witness found. If no such attesting witness can be found, or if the document purports to have been executed in the United Kingdom, it must be proved that the attestation of one attesting witness at least is in his handwriting, and that the signature ofKEEP READING
70. Admission of execution by party to attested document. The admission of a party to an attested document of its execution by himself shall be sufficient proof of its execution as against him, though it be a document required by law to be attested. Read Indian Evidence Act in aKEEP READING
71. Proof when attesting witness denies the execution. If the attesting witness denies or does not recollect the execution of the document its execution may be proved by other evidence. *Object- (i) Section 71 is in the nature of a safeguard to the mandatory provisions of section 68, to meetKEEP READING
72. Proof of document not required by law to be attested. An attested document not required by law to be attested may be proved as if it was unattested. Read Indian Evidence Act in a beautiful, systematic way. Read Evidence Act each section wise. Download beautiful, colourful PDF for EvidenceKEEP READING
73. Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved. In order to ascertain whether a signature, writing or seal is that of the person by whom it purports to have been written or made, any signature, writing or seal admitted or proved to the satisfaction of theKEEP READING
73A. Proof as to verification of digital signature. In order to ascertain whether a digital signature is that of the person by whom it purports to have been affixed, the Court may direct- (a) that person or the Controller or the Certifying Authority to produce the Digital Signature Certificate; (b)KEEP READING
74. Public documents. The following documents are public documents- (1) Documents forming the acts, or records of the acts- (i) of the sovereign authority, (ii) of official bodies and tribunals, and (iii) of public officers, legislative, judicial and executive, [of any part of India or of the Commonwealth], or ofKEEP READING
75. Private documents. All other documents are private. Read Indian Evidence Act in a beautiful, systematic way. Read Evidence Act each section wise. Download beautiful, colourful PDF for Evidence Act.KEEP READING
76. Certified copies of Public Documents. Every public officer having the custody of a public document, which any person has a right to inspect, shall give that person on demand a copy of it on payment of the legal fees therefor together with a certificate written at the foot ofKEEP READING
77. Proof of documents by production of certified copies. Such certified copies may be produced in proof of the contents of the public documents or parts of the public documents of which they purport to be copies. Read Indian Evidence Act in a beautiful, systematic way. Read Evidence Act eachKEEP READING
78. Proof of other official documents. The following public documents may be proved as follows- (1) Acts, orders or notifications of the General Government in any of its departments, or of the Crown Representative or of any State Government or any department of any State Government- By the records ofKEEP READING
STATE AMENDMENT West Bengal After section 78, insert the following section, namely- 78A. Copies of public documents, to be as good as original documents in certain cases- Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or any other law for the time being in force, where any public documents concerning any areas withinKEEP READING
79. Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies. The Court shall presume to be genuine every document purporting to be a certificate, certified copy, or other document, which is by law declared to be admissible as evidence of any particular fact, and which purports to be duly certified by anyKEEP READING
80. Presumption as to documents produced as records of evidence. Whenever any document is produced before any Court, purporting to be a record or memorandum of the evidence, or of any part of the evidence, given by a witness in a judicial proceeding or before any officer authorised by lawKEEP READING
81. Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, private Acts of Parliament and other documents. The Court shall presume the genuineness of every document purporting to be the London Gazette, or any official Gazette or the Government Gazette of any colony, dependency or possession of the British Crown, or to be aKEEP READING
81A. Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic forms. The Court shall presume the genuineness of every electronic record purporting to be the Official Gazette or purporting to be electronic record directed by any law to be kept by any person, if such electronic record is kept substantially in the formKEEP READING
82. Presumption as to document admissible in England without proof of seal or signature. When any document is produced before any Court, purporting to be a document which, by the law in force for the time being in England or Ireland, would be admissible in proof of any particular inKEEP READING
83. Presumption as to Maps or Plans made by authority of Government. The Court shall presume that maps or plans purporting to be made by the authority of the Central Government or any State Government were so made, and are accurate, but maps or plans made for the purposes ofKEEP READING
84. Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions. The Court shall presume the genuineness of every book purporting to be printed and published under the authority of the Government of any country, and to contain any of the laws of that country; and of every book purportingKEEP READING
85. Presumption as to powers of attorney. The Court shall presume that every document purporting to be a power-of-attorney, and to have been executed before, and authenticated by, a Notary Public, or any Court, Judge, Magistrate, Indian Consul or Vice-Consul, or representative of the Central Government, was so executed andKEEP READING
85A. Presumption as to electronic agreements. The Court shall presume that every electronic record purporting to be an agreement containing the electronic signatures of the parties was so concluded by affixing the electronic signature of the parties. Read Indian Evidence Act in a beautiful, systematic way. Read Evidence Act eachKEEP READING
85B. Presumption as to electronic records and digital signatures. (1)In any proceedings involving a secure electronic record, the Court shall presume unless contrary is proved, that the secure electronic record has not been altered since the specific point of time to which the secure status relates. (2) In any proceedings,KEEP READING
