4. May Presume-

Whenever it is provided by this Act that Court may presume a fact, it may either regard such fact as proved, unless and until it is disproved, or may call for proof of it.

Shall presume

Whenever it s directed by this Act that the Court shall presume a fact, it shall regard such fact as proved, unless and until it disproved.

Conclusive proof

When one fact is declared by this Act to be conclusive proof of another, the Court shall, on proof of the one fact, regard the other as proved, and shall not allow evidence to be given for the purpose of disproving it.

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WritingLaw » Evidence Act, 1872 » Section 4 Evidence Act Law Study Material
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