WritingLaw offers important Bare Act PDFs, Law Notes, Law Q&As, Law Articles, Law MCQ Tests, and more.
105. Burden of proving that case of accused comes within exceptions. When a person is accused of any offence, the burden of proving the existence of circumstances bringing the case within any of the General Exceptions in the Indian Penal Code, or within any special exception or proviso contained inKEEP READING
106. Burden of proving fact specially within knowledge. When any fact is specially within the knowledge of any person, the burden of proving that fact is upon him. Illustrations- (a) When a person does an act with some intention other than that which the character and circumstances of the actKEEP READING
107. Burden of proving death of person known to have been alive within thirty years. When the question is whether a man is alive or dead, and it is shown that he was alive within thirty years, the burden of proving that he is dead is on the person whoKEEP READING
108. Burden of proving that person is alive who has not been heard of for seven years. Provided that when the question is whether a man is alive or dead, and it is proved that he has not been heard of for seven years by those who would naturally haveKEEP READING
109. Burden of proof as to relationship in the case of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent. When the question is whether persons are partners, landlord and tenant, or principal and agent, and it has been shown that they have been acting as such, the burden of proving thatKEEP READING
110. Burden of proof as to ownership. When the question is, whether any person is owner of anything of which he is shown to be in possession, the burden of proving that he is not the owner is on the person who affirms that he is not the owner. ReadKEEP READING
111. Proof of good faith in transactions where one party is in relation of active confidence. Where there is a question as to the good faith of a transaction between parties, one of whom stands to the other in a position of active confidence, the burden of proving the goodKEEP READING
111A. Presumption as to certain offences. (1) Where a person is accused of having committed any offence specified in sub-section (2), in- (a) any area declared to be disturbed area under any enactment, for the time being in force, making provision for the suppression of disorder and restoration and maintenanceKEEP READING
113. Proof of cession of territory. A notification in the Official Gazette that any portion of British territory has before the commencement of Part III of the Government of India Act,1935, (26 Geo. 5 Ch. 2) been caddied to any Native State, Prince or Ruler, shall be conclusive proof thatKEEP READING
113A. Presumption as to abetment of suicide by a married women. When the question is whether the commission of suicide by a woman had been abetted by her husband or any relative of her husband and it is shown that she had committed suicide within a period of seven yearsKEEP READING
113B. Presumption as to dowry death. When the question is whether a person has committed the dowry death of a women and it is shown that soon before her death such woman had been subjected by such person to cruelty or harassment for, or in connection with, any demand for dowry;KEEP READING
114. Court may presume existence of certain facts. The Court may presume the existence of any fact which it thinks likely to have happened, regard being had to the common course of natural events, human conduct and public and private business, in their relation to the facts of the particularKEEP READING
114A. Presumption as to absence of consent in certain prosecutions for rape. In a prosecution for rape under clause (a) or clause (b) or clause (c) or clause (d) or clause (e) or clause (g) of sub-section (2) of Section 376 of the Indian Penal Code, where sexual intercourse byKEEP READING
115. Estoppel. When one person has by his declaration, act or omission, intentionally caused or permitted another person to believe a thing to be true and to act upon such belief, neither he nor his representative shall be allowed, in any suit or proceeding between himself and such person orKEEP READING
116. Estoppel of tenant and of license of person in possession. No tenant of immovable property of person claiming through such tenant shall, during the continuance of the tenancy, be permitted to deny that the landlord of such tenant had, at the beginning of the tenancy, a title to suchKEEP READING
117. Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee. No acceptor of a bill of exchange shall be permitted to deny that the drawer had authority of draw such bill or to endorse it; nor shall any bailee or licensee be permitted to deny that his bailor orKEEP READING
